Smoking Cessation Resource Center: Clinical Studies

Efficacy of acute administration of nicotine gum in relief of cue-provoked cigarette craving

Saul Shiffman, William G. Shadel, Raymond Niaura, Moise A. Khayrallah, Douglas E. Jorenby, Charles F. Ryan, Clifford L. Ferguson
February 5, 2003

Rationale:
Acute cravings, often provoked by exposure to smoking cues, appear to be important triggers for smoking relapse. Relief of acute craving may therefore be an important step in preventing relapse.

Objectives:
This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of nicotine gum in relieving acute craving.

Methods:
A multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted with smokers (n=296) who quit by using either active or inactive gum for 3 days. On their third day of abstinence, smokers participated in a laboratory session in which they were exposed to a provocative smoking cue, chewed active or inactive gum, and then rated their craving at 5-min intervals for 35 min.

Results:
Craving initially decreased in both groups. After 15 min, however, the smokers using active nicotine gum experienced significantly greater craving reductions.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that nicotine gum can effectively reduce acute craving following exposure to smoking cues.

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